Forging



May 10, 1932. l BENEDETTO l 1,857,708

FORGING Filed Aug. 4, 1931 3 Sheets-.Sheet l 252 rre/va# May 10, 1932-G. BENEDETTO l`,857,708

FORGINCL.

Filed Aug. 4, 1931 -3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Illl May 10, 1932.

cs.v BENEDETTO 1,857,708

FORGING Filed Aug. 4, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet S5 fw@ M Patented May 1o, 1932umriss stares GIUSEPPE BENEDETTO, or NOVARA, ITALY, `AssrGNon To,omits-HOLDING COMPANY 1 lement/.OFFICE LIMITED, F LONDON, ENGLAND, A.,BRITISH COMPANY Application med August 4, 1931, serieu No.. 5551,12aandinA Great Britain June 1o, 1930.

' This invention comprises improvements in or relating to forging andhas for its object to provide means Ywhereby enlargements may be upsetand shaped upon blanks at a plu- 5 rality of positions along the lengthof the blank with a minimum of time and expenditure of heat energy. Theemployment of electricforging and upsetting machines is well knownand-in prior United States patent application vSerial No. 481,334 thereis described a 'machine in which blanks may be upset electrically so asto provide a plurality of enlargements at different points of theirlength, particularly at the ends, and the present in- 15 ventioncontemplates the employment of forgaforesaid patent application.

ing operations such as are described in the `According to the presentinvention af'die for forming two upset end `portions of a forgingsimultaneously comprises in combination die blocks for engaging thetwoends of the forging, a holder to Vlocate the forging between the dieblocks, yielding means forpsupporting the holder with a forgingV thereinbetweenthe die blocks .to permit the forging (with its holder) to beforced against one die block by pressure of the other dieblock. By thismeans it is possible to form, or perfect, a head or enlargement on thework by the contact thereof with'the movable die block at one end andthe other die block at the other end simultaneously. The heads thusformed may be given suitable shapes by appropriately forming the dieblocks as desired. y

' Preferably the holder takes the form of a work-'holding viceprovidedwith die-recesses for the purpose of shaping the exterior of theforging when the die blocks are brought intol Contact therewith.

The die may be formedv as an attachment die asl above; described andbringing both A ends of the forging toshape at the same time. iPreferably, the headsare upset by the upsetting apparatus on both endsof the blanks simultaneously, thev work being preferably `transferredfrom the upsetting apparatus to the forging die while'lstill hotr sothat intermediate heating isrendered unnecessary.

The invention further relates to various i.,

constructional Vfeatures of the apparatus and details 'of the method,both of ywhich will now be described with reference'to a specificembodiment of the apparatus taken by Way of example only.

' The apparatus to be described is suitable for usein a forging press ofordinary construction' as an attachment thereto, but it will beunderstood that alspecial forging machine having the characteristicsdescribed couldl be employed if desired.

. In the accompanying drawings which illustrate said specific embodimentofthe inventi'onl p i Y l .A

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a die. Figure 2 is a plan of the same,and

Figures 8 and 4 are `vertical sections upon' the line S-Biof `liigure`2,1showing the die in two operative positions..

A base plate 11 is provided for theiatta'chment, adaptedfto be securedupon the dieholding plate of a forging press.`

v Upon the plateare'two upstanding guide pillars 12, 13 and upon theguide pillars there is slidably mounted a rectangular steel viceframewhich consists o'f side members 14, 15 united by cross members 16, 17.The viceframe rests upon a resilient rubber support as` hereinafterdescribed, and-this permits it to yield under superimposed pressure. Twovice'jaws 18, `19,'are provided in the frame 14, 15. The jaw18 is shownfixed at one endof the frame'while the jaw 19 is slidable relativelythereto.v The vice jaws 18, `19 carryV removable die sections orgripping members 20, 2l which are recessed to conformwith the exteriorof the forging to Y be produced and aresecured in the jaws by means offixing screws 22. The underside of the iawslS, 19re`stsup'on threesliding pins 23 vwhich pass through-a die block 24 below the vice andthrough the base plate 11 into engagement with the yieldingly supportedpresser plate 25.

The presser plate 25 is supported upon a stack of rubber blocks 26,interspaced by washers 27 and carried at their bottom end upon asupporting tube 28 which is held up by a nut 29 on a central rod 30which p-asses upwardly through the tube 28 and the rubber blocks 26.screwed to the 4underside of the base-plate 11. By means of the nut 29the force exerted upwardly upon the pins 23 may be adjusted. It will beunderstood that this force is adequate to lift the vice-frame with theforging secured therein and the operating means for the vice jaw 21,against the action of gravity and hold it in the uplifted positionspaced from the underlying die block'24.. The parts are shown in thisposition in Figure 4 of the drawings.

The die block 24 is formed with a removable central die 31 which isshaped to correspond with the form of the finished forging desired. Itis secured to the base block 11 by means of bolts 32.

Above the vice is a movable die block 33 whichis intended to be shapedto conform with the other end of the desired forging (see Figure 3).zThe upper movable die block 33 is intended to be mounted in the movablehead or ram of a forging press. Y

At` one end of the vice-frame there is mounted a( projecting frameworkwhich is bolted to the side members 14, 15 and consists of lowerparallel bars 34, 35 and upper bars 36, 37 which serve to triangulatethe construction and stiffen the support of the parallel bars 34, 35. y

In the-cross member 17 there is secured a bush 38 in which slides a ram39 secured to the movable vice jaw 19. The ram 39, between the framemembers 34, 35 is pivoted to a bent toggle lever 40, prolonged to forman operating arm the wholeof which is not shown in the drawings. Thetoggle lever 40 is pivoted at 41 to a pair of parallel links 42 and theVlinks 42 are pivoted at 43 to a cross member 44 'carried by the framemembers 34, 35.

It will be seen that the links 42 complete the ltoggle, or they may beregarded as the equivalent of a crank. It would be possible tosubstitute for the toggle a crank or an eccentric, which is theequivalent of a crank bearing upon the end of the ram 39 for the purposeof advancing the vice jaw without the intermediary of a toggle leversuch as 40.

In operation of the method of forging ac.- cordingto the presentinvention a blank which may be destined to be formed, say, into ahub'for a bicycle wheel, is taken of a diameter equal to the central orbody portion of the desired forging. A suliciency of metal is upsetelectrically at each end thereof simultaneously 1n a machine constructedas de- 'Ihe central supporting rod isA Lsaavos scribed in the aforesaidUnited States patent application Serial No. 481,334.

The piece with its ends still glowing red is rapidly taken and placedbetween the jaws 20, 21 o-f the vice which are brought together Y byoperation of the lever 40 and grip the part between them.

Thereafter the movable forging head which carries the die 33 is broughtdown and depresses the part, together with Y`the vice 14, against theresilient pressure of the rubber blocks 26 until the part engages thelower die 24. Further movement of the dies towards one another ,causesthe hot metal to be forced into the shape provided between the vice jawsand the dies.L If the initial upsetting has been conducted in such amanner as to provide the appropriate amount of metal the result is atrue forging executed without waste in a single heat.

Upon release of the pressure of the upper die by raising the plunger ofthe press, the rubber blocks 26 raise the vice jaws 18, 19 into theposition shown in Figure 4, and upon opening the'vice jaws by operationof the letively movable in a predetermined'path toward each other forengaging the two ends i ver 40 the finished piece can readily be reofthe forging, a forging holder to position the forging between the dieblocks, a supporting member, pillars disposed on opposite sides ofsaiddie blocks and extending parallel to the path of relative movementthereof, said pillars being carried by said supporting member, a pair ofsleeve elements, each element being mounted for sliding movement onone'of said pillars, parallel guides carried by said sleeve elements andengaging said holder to support the latter for movement in a planetransverse to the path of relative movement of said pillars, and meansyielding in the path of relative movement of said die blocks fornormally supporting the holder with a forging therein between the dieblocks, whereby the forging may be forced against one die block bypressure of the other die block.

`2. A die for forming twoupset end portions of a forgingsimultaneously,` comprising in combination, a pair of die blocksrelativelymovable in a predetermined path toward each other for engagingthe two ends of the forging, a forging holder to position the forgingvbetween the die blocks, said holder having relatively 'movable portionsfor gripping the forging therebetween, a supporting member pillarsdisposed on opposite sides of said die blocks and eX- tending parallelto the path of relative movement thereof, said pillars being carried bysaid supporting member, a sleeve element mounted for sliding movement oneach pillar, parallel guides carried by said sleeve elements andengaging the portions of said holder to support the latter for relativemovement in a plane transverse to the path of relative movement of saidpillars, and means yielding in the path of relative movement of said dieblocks for normally supporting the holder with a forging therein betweenthe die blocks, whereby the forging may be forced against one die blockby pressure of the other die block.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature.

GIUSEPPE BENEDETTO.

